AFRICAN DAWN ANNUAL REPORT 2017 Accounting Policies continued The Group reviews the carrying amounts of its loans and receivables to determine whether there is any indication that those loans and receivables have become impaired, using objective evidence at a loan level. A loan or receivable is impaired and impairment losses are incurred if, and only if, there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (a loss event) and that loss event(s) has an adverse impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated. Losses expected as a result of future events, no matter how likely, are not recognised. Objective evidence that a financial asset or group of assets is impaired includes observable data that comes to the attention of the Group about the following loss events: • Significant financial difficulty of the debtor. • A breach of contract, such as a default or delinquency in the payment of interest or principal. • The lender, for economic or legal reasons relating to the borrower’s financial difficulty, granting to the borrower a concession that the lender 43 would not otherwise consider. • It becoming probable that the borrower is over-indebted. • Indication that there is a measurable decrease in the estimated future cash flows from a group of financial assets since the initial recognition of those assets, although the decrease cannot yet be identified with the individual financial assets in the group, including: • - adverse changes in the payment status of borrowers in the group (e.g. an increased number of delayed payments); or - national or local economic conditions that correlate with defaults on the assets in the group e.g. an increase in the unemployment rate in the geographical area of the borrowers or adverse changes in industry conditions that affect the borrowers in the group). When portfolio (collective) assessment of impairment is used, financial assets are grouped on the basis of similar credit characteristics which indicate the borrower’s ability to pay in accordance with the contractually agreed terms. The group estimates the recoverable amount on a portfolio basis using portfolio statistics derived from past performance of similar financial assets, taking into account any changes to collection procedures and projected future market conditions. The recoverable amount is the sum of the estimated future cash flows, discounted to their present value using a discount rate that reflects the original effective interest rate relating to the loan. The estimate of the cash flows is assessed on a loan by loan basis. If the recoverable amount of the loan is estimated to be less than the carrying amount, the carrying amount of the loan is reduced to its recoverable amount by raising an impairment provision (through the use of a separate allowance account), which is recognised as an expense in profit or loss. Loans are written off, either partially or in full, when there is no realistic prospect of full or partial recovery. A write-off is effected against the allowance account. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the loan is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the loan in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is immediately recognised in profit or loss. Loans that would otherwise be past due or impaired and whose terms have been renegotiated and exhibit the characteristics of a performing loan are reset to performing loan status. Loans whose terms have been renegotiated are subject to ongoing review to determine whether they are considered to be impaired or past due. Rehabilitated loans Loans previously written off which subsequently have a regular repayment profile and meet other minimum recognition criteria, are written back on to the statement of financial position in the loan portfolio. These loans are recorded on an individual account basis at the gross amount outstanding along with the appropriate impairment provision. Cash collected on loans which have previously been written off is recognised in profit or loss as bad debts recovered, as and when the cash is received. Collateral Generally no collateral is held in respect of recognised financial assets. In the event that collateral is held, it is not recognised by the group, as the group does not retain the risks and rewards of ownership, and is obliged to return such collateral to counterparties on settlement of the related obligations. Should a counterparty be unable to settle its obligations, the group takes possession of collateral or calls on other credit enhancements as full or part settlement of such amounts. These assets are recognised when the applicable recognition criteria under IFRS are met, and the group’s accounting policies are applied from the date of recognition. Refer below for properties in possession.
AFRICAN DAWN 2017
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