AFRICAN DAWN ANNUAL REPORT 2017 39 Accounting Policies continued In respect of other non-financial assets, impairment losses recognised in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised. 1.12 Provisions, contingent assets and liabilities Recognition Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of economic resources will be required and amounts can be estimated reliably. Measurement Provisions are measured at the estimated expenditure required to settle the present obligation, based on the most reliable evidence available at the reporting date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties associated with the present obligation. Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. Where the effect of discounting is material, the provision is discounted. The discount rate reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Gains from the expected disposal of assets are not taken into account in measuring provisions. Provisions are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current reasonable estimate. If it is no longer probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, the provision is reversed. Reimbursements Where some or all of the expenditure required to settle a provision is expected to be reimbursed by a party outside the group, the reimbursement is recognised when it is virtually certain that it will be received if the group settles the obligation. The reimbursement is recorded as a separate asset at an amount not exceeding the related provision. The expense for the provision is presented net of the reimbursement in profit or loss. Onerous contracts A provision for onerous contracts is recognised when the expected benefits to be derived by the group from a contract are lower than the unavoidable cost of meeting the obligations under the contract. Restructuring A provision for restructuring is recognised when the group has a detailed formal plan for restructuring and has raised a valid expectation, among those parties directly affected, that the plan will be carried out, either by having begun implementation or by publicly announcing the plan’s main features. Restructuring provisions include only those costs that arise directly from restructuring that is not associated with the ongoing activities of the group. Future costs Future operating costs or losses are not provided for. 1.13 Properties in possession Repossessed properties acquired in exchange for loans as part of an orderly realisation are reported in property in possession under the inventory assets class, as they are held for sale in the ordinary course of business. The repossessed properties are recognised when the risks and rewards of the properties have been transferred to the group. The corresponding loans are derecognised when the group becomes the owner of the property. The property acquired is initially recorded at cost which is the lower of its fair value (less costs to sell) and the carrying amount of the loan (net of impairment) at the date of transferring ownership. It is subsequently measured at the lower of the carrying amount and its net realisable value. Any subsequent write down of the acquired property to net realisable value is recognised in profit/(loss). Any subsequent increase in the net realisable value, to the extent that it does not exceed the cumulative write down, is also recognised in profit/(loss). Gains or losses on disposal of repossessed properties are reported in other operating income or operating expenditure.
AFRICAN DAWN 2017
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